hermes-agent/apps/desktop

Hermes Desktop

Native Electron shell for Hermes. It packages the desktop renderer, a bundled Hermes source payload, and installer targets for macOS and Windows.

Setup

Install workspace dependencies from the repo root so apps/desktop, apps/dashboard, and apps/shared stay linked:

npm install

For Python, you have two options:

Option A — let the desktop provision it for you (recommended for first-time setup): just run npm run dev. On first launch the desktop creates a venv at HERMES_HOME/hermes-agent/venv and runs pip install -e . against the resolved Hermes source automatically. Requires Python 3.11+ on PATH.

Option B — share an existing CLI install: if you already ran scripts/install.ps1 / scripts/install.sh, that's the same layout the desktop uses. The desktop reuses your existing venv and editable install — no extra steps. See Runtime Bootstrap below for details.

If you're hacking on Hermes from a clone outside HERMES_HOME/hermes-agent, point the desktop at it explicitly:

HERMES_DESKTOP_HERMES_ROOT=/path/to/your/clone npm run dev

Runtime prerequisites

Hermes Desktop needs:

• Python 3.11+ — for the agent runtime, dashboard backend, and tool execution.
• Git for Windows (Windows only) — provides Git Bash, which Hermes' terminal tool calls directly. Linux and macOS already ship a system bash.

The packaged Windows installer (Hermes-*.exe) detects both at install time. If either is missing it offers to install them via winget install -e --id Python.Python.3.11 and winget install -e --id Git.Git. If winget isn't available the installer shows manual download URLs and lets you continue. The MSI installer (Hermes-*.msi) doesn't run the prereq page — enterprise deploys are expected to handle prereqs out-of-band.

For dev (npm run dev) the same checks happen at first launch via the Electron bootstrapper, which throws a clear error if either prereq is missing. Manual install commands you can run yourself:

winget install -e --id Python.Python.3.11
winget install -e --id Git.Git

Development

cd apps/desktop
npm run dev

npm run dev starts Vite on 127.0.0.1:5174, launches Electron, and lets Electron boot the Hermes dashboard backend on an open port in 9120-9199. This path is for UI iteration and may still show Electron/dev identities in OS prompts.

Useful overrides:

HERMES_DESKTOP_HERMES_ROOT=/path/to/hermes-agent npm run dev
HERMES_DESKTOP_PYTHON=/path/to/python npm run dev
HERMES_DESKTOP_CWD=/path/to/project npm run dev
HERMES_DESKTOP_IGNORE_EXISTING=1 npm run dev
HERMES_HOME=/tmp/throwaway-hermes-home npm run dev
HERMES_DESKTOP_BOOT_FAKE=1 npm run dev
HERMES_DESKTOP_BOOT_FAKE=1 HERMES_DESKTOP_BOOT_FAKE_STEP_MS=900 npm run dev

HERMES_DESKTOP_IGNORE_EXISTING=1 skips any hermes CLI already on PATH, which is useful when testing the factory-image bootstrap path.

HERMES_HOME overrides the install root (default: %LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes on Windows, ~/.hermes elsewhere) — handy for sandboxed dev runs that shouldn't touch your real config.

HERMES_DESKTOP_BOOT_FAKE=1 adds deterministic per-phase delays to desktop startup so you can validate the startup overlay and progress bar. For convenience, npm run dev:fake-boot enables fake mode with defaults.

On a fresh Hermes profile, Desktop shows a first-run setup overlay after boot. The overlay saves the minimum required provider credential (for example OPENROUTER_API_KEY, ANTHROPIC_API_KEY, or OPENAI_API_KEY) to the active Hermes .env, reloads the backend env, and then lets the user continue without opening Settings manually.

Dashboard Dev

Run the Python dashboard backend with embedded chat enabled:

hermes dashboard --tui --no-open

For dashboard HMR, start Vite in another terminal:

cd apps/dashboard
npm run dev

Open the Vite URL. The dev server proxies /api, /api/pty, and plugin assets to http://127.0.0.1:9119 and fetches the live dashboard HTML so the ephemeral session token matches the running backend.

Build

npm run build
npm run pack          # unpacked app at release/mac-<arch>/Hermes.app
npm run dist:mac      # macOS DMG + zip
npm run dist:mac:dmg  # DMG only
npm run dist:mac:zip  # zip only
npm run dist:win      # NSIS + MSI

Before packaging, stage:hermes copies the Python Hermes payload into build/hermes-agent. Electron Builder then ships it as Contents/Resources/hermes-agent.

Automated Releases

Desktop installers are published by .github/workflows/desktop-release.yml with two channels:

• Stable: runs on published GitHub releases and uploads signed artifacts to that release tag.
• Nightly: runs on main pushes and updates the rolling desktop-nightly prerelease.

The workflow injects a channel-aware desktop version at build time:

• stable: derived from the release tag (for example v2026.5.5 -> 2026.5.5)
• nightly: 0.0.0-nightly.YYYYMMDD.<sha>

Artifact names include channel, platform, and architecture:

Hermes-<version>-<channel>-<platform>-<arch>.<ext>

Each run also publishes SHA256SUMS-<platform>.txt so installers can be verified.

Stable release gates

Stable builds fail fast if signing credentials are missing:

• macOS signing + notarization: CSC_LINK, CSC_KEY_PASSWORD, APPLE_API_KEY, APPLE_API_KEY_ID, APPLE_API_ISSUER
• Windows signing: WIN_CSC_LINK, WIN_CSC_KEY_PASSWORD

Stable macOS builds also validate stapling and Gatekeeper assessment in CI before upload.

Icons

Desktop icons live in assets/:

• assets/icon.icns
• assets/icon.ico
• assets/icon.png

The builder config points at assets/icon. Replace these files directly if the app icon changes.

Testing Install Paths

Use the package-local test scripts from this directory:

npm run test:desktop:all
npm run test:desktop:existing
npm run test:desktop:fresh
npm run test:desktop:dmg
npm run test:desktop:platforms

test:desktop:existing builds the packaged app and opens it normally. It should use an existing hermes CLI if one is on PATH, preserving the user’s real ~/.hermes config.

test:desktop:fresh builds the packaged app and launches it in a throwaway fresh-install sandbox. It sets HERMES_DESKTOP_IGNORE_EXISTING=1, points Electron userData at a temp dir, points HERMES_HOME at a temp dir, and launches through the factory-image bootstrap path without touching your real desktop runtime or ~/.hermes.

test:desktop:dmg builds and opens the DMG.

test:desktop:platforms runs platform bootstrap-path assertions, including:

• existing-CLI vs factory-image runtime path selection semantics
• WSL2 protection against Windows .exe/.cmd/.bat/.ps1 overrides
• platform-specific runtime import checks (winpty vs ptyprocess)

For fast reruns without rebuilding:

HERMES_DESKTOP_SKIP_BUILD=1 npm run test:desktop:fresh
HERMES_DESKTOP_SKIP_BUILD=1 npm run test:desktop:existing
HERMES_DESKTOP_SKIP_BUILD=1 npm run test:desktop:dmg

Installing Locally

npm run dist:mac:dmg
open release/Hermes-0.0.0-arm64.dmg

Drag Hermes to Applications. If testing repeated installs, replace the existing app.

Runtime Bootstrap

Hermes Desktop shares its install layout with the CLI installers (scripts/install.ps1, scripts/install.sh) so a desktop-only user and a CLI-only user end up with the same files in the same places.

Where things live

HERMES_HOME/                       # %LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes (Windows)
                                   # ~/.hermes (macOS / Linux)
├── hermes-agent/                  # ACTIVE_HERMES_ROOT — the canonical install
│   ├── hermes_cli/, agent/, ...   # Python source
│   ├── pyproject.toml             # source of truth for deps
│   ├── venv/                      # virtualenv (Scripts\python.exe on Windows,
│   │                              #             bin/python elsewhere)
│   └── .hermes-desktop-runtime.json   # marker: schema version + pyproject hash
├── config.yaml                    # user config
├── .env                           # API keys
└── logs/
    ├── desktop.log                # Electron-side boot log
    ├── agent.log
    ├── errors.log
    └── gateway.log

The factory image (Contents/Resources/hermes-agent on macOS, resources\hermes-agent on Windows) ships inside the .app / .exe and seeds HERMES_HOME/hermes-agent on first launch.

Resolution order

The desktop resolves a Hermes backend in this order:

1. HERMES_DESKTOP_HERMES_ROOT — explicit dev override.
2. Existing hermes CLI on PATH (skipped when HERMES_DESKTOP_IGNORE_EXISTING=1).
3. Repo source root — only when running npm run dev from a checkout. Takes precedence over HERMES_HOME/hermes-agent so devs always run their local edits.
4. HERMES_HOME/hermes-agent if it already exists (CLI installer or prior desktop launch).
5. Packaged + factory image present → sync factory → HERMES_HOME/hermes-agent, then use it.
6. Pip-installed hermes_cli module via system Python.

First-launch flow on a packaged install

1. Sync factory image → HERMES_HOME/hermes-agent. Skipped if a .git directory exists at the destination (developer install) — never overwrites a user's local repo.
2. Create venv at HERMES_HOME/hermes-agent/venv using system Python (errors out with a Python-install hint if no Python 3.11+ is found).
3. pip install -e HERMES_HOME/hermes-agent — pyproject.toml is the single source of truth for dependencies.
4. Stamp .hermes-desktop-runtime.json with the schema version + pyproject hash + factory version.

Subsequent launches compare the marker against the active pyproject.toml and skip steps 2-4 when nothing has changed.

Upgrades

A new installer drops a new factory image. On next launch the marker mismatches → factory contents are copied over HERMES_HOME/hermes-agent (excluding venv/, .git, __pycache__, etc.), pip install -e re-runs to pick up new deps, the marker is re-stamped. The venv is preserved across upgrades to keep the upgrade fast when deps haven't moved.

A user who installed via scripts/install.ps1 / scripts/install.sh (so HERMES_HOME/hermes-agent/.git exists) is detected as a developer install and the desktop never overwrites their checkout — they keep using hermes update / git pull to update.

Debugging

Desktop boot logs are written to:

HERMES_HOME/logs/desktop.log     # %LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\logs\desktop.log on Windows
                                  # ~/.hermes/logs/desktop.log on macOS / Linux

If the UI reports Desktop boot failed, check that log first. It includes the backend command output and recent Python traceback context.

To reset desktop runtime state (forces re-sync from the factory image and re-pip install -e . on next launch):

# macOS / Linux
rm "$HOME/.hermes/hermes-agent/.hermes-desktop-runtime.json"

# Windows (PowerShell)
Remove-Item "$env:LOCALAPPDATA\hermes\hermes-agent\.hermes-desktop-runtime.json"

For a full reset of just the Python venv (rare — usually only needed if the venv is broken):

# macOS / Linux
rm -rf "$HOME/.hermes/hermes-agent/venv"

# Windows (PowerShell)
Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "$env:LOCALAPPDATA\hermes\hermes-agent\venv"

To reset stale macOS microphone permission prompts:

tccutil reset Microphone com.github.Electron
tccutil reset Microphone com.nousresearch.hermes

Verification

Run before handing off installer changes:

npm run fix
npm run type-check
npm run lint
npm run test:desktop:all

Current lint may report existing warnings, but it should exit with no errors.