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website/docs/user-guide/cli.md
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@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ When resuming a previous session (`hermes -c` or `hermes --resume <id>`), a "Pre
| Key | Action |
|-----|--------|
| `Enter` | Send message |
| `Alt+Enter` or `Ctrl+J` | New line (multi-line input) |
| `Alt+Enter`, `Ctrl+J`, or `Shift+Enter` | New line (multi-line input). `Shift+Enter` requires a terminal that distinguishes it from `Enter` — see below. On Windows Terminal, `Alt+Enter` is captured by the terminal (fullscreen toggle); use `Ctrl+Enter` or `Ctrl+J` instead. |
| `Alt+V` | Paste an image from the clipboard when supported by the terminal |
| `Ctrl+V` | Paste text and opportunistically attach clipboard images |
| `Ctrl+B` | Start/stop voice recording when voice mode is enabled (`voice.record_key`, default: `ctrl+b`) |
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ personalities:
There are two ways to enter multi-line messages:
1. **`Alt+Enter` or `Ctrl+J`** — inserts a new line
1. **`Alt+Enter`, `Ctrl+J`, or `Shift+Enter`** — inserts a new line
2. **Backslash continuation** — end a line with `\` to continue:
```
@@ -214,9 +214,22 @@ There are two ways to enter multi-line messages:
```
:::info
Pasting multi-line text is supported — use `Alt+Enter` or `Ctrl+J` to insert newlines, or simply paste content directly.
Pasting multi-line text is supported — use any of the newline keys above, or simply paste content directly.
:::
### Shift+Enter compatibility
Most terminals send the same byte sequence for `Enter` and `Shift+Enter` by default, so applications cannot distinguish them. Hermes recognises `Shift+Enter` only when the terminal sends a distinct sequence via the [Kitty keyboard protocol](https://sw.kovidgoyal.net/kitty/keyboard-protocol/) or xterm's `modifyOtherKeys` mode.
| Terminal | Status |
|---|---|
| Kitty, foot, WezTerm, Ghostty | Distinct `Shift+Enter` enabled by default |
| iTerm2 (recent), Alacritty, VS Code terminal, Warp | Supported once the Kitty protocol is enabled in settings |
| Windows Terminal Preview 1.25+ | Supported once the Kitty protocol is enabled in settings |
| macOS Terminal.app, stock Windows Terminal (stable) | Not supported — `Shift+Enter` is indistinguishable from `Enter` |
Where the terminal cannot distinguish them, `Alt+Enter` and `Ctrl+J` continue to work everywhere. **On Windows Terminal specifically, `Alt+Enter` is captured by the terminal (toggles fullscreen) and never reaches Hermes — use `Ctrl+Enter` (delivered as `Ctrl+J`) or `Ctrl+J` directly for a newline.**
## Interrupting the Agent
You can interrupt the agent at any point:
website/docs/user-guide/features/web-dashboard.md
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@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ The **Chat** tab embeds the full Hermes TUI (the same interface you get from `he
- Node.js (same requirement as `hermes --tui`; the TUI bundle is built on first launch)
- `ptyprocess` — installed by the `pty` extra (`pip install 'hermes-agent[web,pty]'`, or `[all]` covers both)
- POSIX kernel (Linux, macOS, or WSL). Native Windows Python is not supported — use WSL.
- POSIX kernel (Linux, macOS, or WSL2). The `/chat` terminal pane specifically needs a POSIX PTY — native Windows Python has no equivalent, so on a native Windows install the rest of the dashboard (sessions, jobs, metrics, config editor) works but the `/chat` tab will show a banner telling you to use WSL2 for that feature.
Close the browser tab and the PTY is reaped cleanly on the server. Re-opening spawns a fresh session.
website/docs/user-guide/messaging/index.md
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@@ -427,5 +427,6 @@ Each platform has its own toolset:
- [QQBot Setup](qqbot.md)
- [Yuanbao Setup](yuanbao.md)
- [Microsoft Teams Setup](teams.md)
- [Teams Meetings Pipeline](teams-meetings.md)
- [Open WebUI + API Server](open-webui.md)
- [Webhooks](webhooks.md)
- [Webhooks](webhooks.md)
website/docs/user-guide/messaging/teams-meetings.md
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---
sidebar_position: 6
title: "Teams Meetings"
description: "Set up the Microsoft Teams meeting summary pipeline with Microsoft Graph webhooks"
---
# Microsoft Teams Meetings
Use the Teams meeting pipeline when you want Hermes to ingest Microsoft Graph meeting events, fetch transcripts first, fall back to recordings plus STT when needed, and deliver a structured summary to downstream sinks.
This page focuses on setup and enablement:
- Graph credentials
- webhook listener configuration
- Teams delivery modes
- pipeline config shape
For day-2 operations, go-live checks, and the operator worksheet, use the dedicated guide: [Operate the Teams Meeting Pipeline](/docs/guides/operate-teams-meeting-pipeline).
## What This Feature Does
The pipeline:
1. receives Microsoft Graph webhook events
2. resolves the meeting and prefers transcript artifacts first
3. falls back to recording download plus STT when no usable transcript is available
4. stores durable job state and sink records locally
5. can write summaries to Notion, Linear, and Microsoft Teams
Operator actions stay in the CLI:
```bash
hermes teams-pipeline validate
hermes teams-pipeline list
hermes teams-pipeline maintain-subscriptions
```
## Prerequisites
Before enabling the meetings pipeline, make sure you have:
- a working Hermes install
- the existing [Microsoft Teams bot setup](/docs/user-guide/messaging/teams) if you want Teams outbound delivery
- Microsoft Graph application credentials with the permissions required for the meeting resources you plan to subscribe to
- a public HTTPS URL that Microsoft Graph can call for webhook delivery
- `ffmpeg` installed if you want recording-plus-STT fallback
## Step 1: Add Microsoft Graph Credentials
Add Graph app-only credentials to `~/.hermes/.env`:
```bash
MSGRAPH_TENANT_ID=<tenant-id>
MSGRAPH_CLIENT_ID=<client-id>
MSGRAPH_CLIENT_SECRET=<client-secret>
```
These credentials are used by:
- the Graph client foundation
- subscription maintenance commands
- meeting resolution and artifact fetches
- Graph-based Teams outbound delivery when you do not provide a dedicated Teams access token
## Step 2: Enable the Graph Webhook Listener
The webhook listener is a gateway platform named `msgraph_webhook`. At minimum, enable it and set a client state value:
```bash
MSGRAPH_WEBHOOK_ENABLED=true
MSGRAPH_WEBHOOK_PORT=8646
MSGRAPH_WEBHOOK_CLIENT_STATE=<random-shared-secret>
MSGRAPH_WEBHOOK_ACCEPTED_RESOURCES=communications/onlineMeetings
```
The listener exposes:
- `/msgraph/webhook` for Graph notifications
- `/health` for a simple health check
You need to route your public HTTPS endpoint to that listener. For example, if your public domain is `https://ops.example.com`, your Graph notification URL would typically be:
```text
https://ops.example.com/msgraph/webhook
```
## Step 3: Configure Teams Delivery and Pipeline Behavior
The meeting pipeline reads its runtime config from the existing `teams` platform entry. Pipeline-specific knobs live under `teams.extra.meeting_pipeline`. Teams outbound delivery stays on the normal Teams platform config surface.
Example `~/.hermes/config.yaml`:
```yaml
platforms:
msgraph_webhook:
enabled: true
extra:
port: 8646
client_state: "replace-me"
accepted_resources:
- "communications/onlineMeetings"
teams:
enabled: true
extra:
client_id: "your-teams-client-id"
client_secret: "your-teams-client-secret"
tenant_id: "your-teams-tenant-id"
# outbound summary delivery
delivery_mode: "graph" # or incoming_webhook
team_id: "team-id"
channel_id: "channel-id"
# incoming_webhook_url: "https://..."
meeting_pipeline:
transcript_min_chars: 80
transcript_required: false
transcription_fallback: true
ffmpeg_extract_audio: true
notion:
enabled: false
linear:
enabled: false
```
## Teams Delivery Modes
The pipeline supports two Teams summary-delivery modes inside the existing Teams plugin.
### `incoming_webhook`
Use this when you want a simple webhook post into Teams without channel-message creation through Graph.
Required config:
```yaml
platforms:
teams:
enabled: true
extra:
delivery_mode: "incoming_webhook"
incoming_webhook_url: "https://..."
```
### `graph`
Use this when you want Hermes to post the summary through Microsoft Graph into a Teams chat or channel.
Supported targets:
- `chat_id`
- `team_id` + `channel_id`
- `team_id` + `home_channel` fallback for the existing Teams platform
Example:
```yaml
platforms:
teams:
enabled: true
extra:
delivery_mode: "graph"
team_id: "team-id"
channel_id: "channel-id"
```
## Step 4: Start the Gateway
Start Hermes normally after updating config:
```bash
hermes gateway run
```
Or, if you run Hermes in Docker, start the gateway the same way you already do for your deployment.
Check the listener:
```bash
curl http://localhost:8646/health
```
## Step 5: Create Graph Subscriptions
Use the plugin CLI to create and inspect subscriptions.
Examples:
```bash
hermes teams-pipeline subscribe \
--resource communications/onlineMeetings/getAllTranscripts \
--notification-url https://ops.example.com/msgraph/webhook \
--client-state "$MSGRAPH_WEBHOOK_CLIENT_STATE"
hermes teams-pipeline subscribe \
--resource communications/onlineMeetings/getAllRecordings \
--notification-url https://ops.example.com/msgraph/webhook \
--client-state "$MSGRAPH_WEBHOOK_CLIENT_STATE"
```
:::warning Graph subscriptions expire in 72 hours
Microsoft Graph caps webhook subscriptions at 72 hours and will not auto-renew them. You MUST schedule `hermes teams-pipeline maintain-subscriptions` before going live, or notifications will silently stop three days after any manual subscription creation. See [Automating subscription renewal](/docs/guides/operate-teams-meeting-pipeline#automating-subscription-renewal-required-for-production) in the operator runbook — three options (Hermes cron, systemd timer, plain crontab).
:::
For subscription maintenance and day-2 operator flows, continue with the guide: [Operate the Teams Meeting Pipeline](/docs/guides/operate-teams-meeting-pipeline).
## Validation
Run the built-in validation snapshot:
```bash
hermes teams-pipeline validate
```
Useful companion checks:
```bash
hermes teams-pipeline token-health
hermes teams-pipeline subscriptions
```
## Troubleshooting
| Problem | What to check |
|---------|---------------|
| Graph webhook validation fails | Confirm the public URL is correct and reachable, and that Graph is calling the exact `/msgraph/webhook` path |
| Jobs do not appear in `hermes teams-pipeline list` | Confirm `msgraph_webhook` is enabled and that subscriptions point at the right notification URL |
| Transcript-first never succeeds | Check Graph permissions for transcript resources and whether the transcript artifact exists for that meeting |
| Recording fallback fails | Confirm `ffmpeg` is installed and the Graph app can access recording artifacts |
| Teams summary delivery fails | Re-check `delivery_mode`, target IDs, and Teams auth config |
## Related Docs
- [Microsoft Teams bot setup](/docs/user-guide/messaging/teams)
- [Operate the Teams Meeting Pipeline](/docs/guides/operate-teams-meeting-pipeline)
website/docs/user-guide/messaging/teams.md
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Connect Hermes Agent to Microsoft Teams as a bot. Unlike Slack's Socket Mode, Teams delivers messages by calling a **public HTTPS webhook**, so your instance needs a publicly reachable endpoint — either a dev tunnel (local dev) or a real domain (production).
Need meeting summaries from Microsoft Graph events rather than normal bot conversations? Use the dedicated setup page: [Teams Meetings](/docs/user-guide/messaging/teams-meetings).
## How the Bot Responds
| Context | Behavior |
@@ -243,3 +245,8 @@ Treat `TEAMS_CLIENT_SECRET` like a password — rotate it periodically via the A
- Store credentials in `~/.hermes/.env` with permissions `600` (`chmod 600 ~/.hermes/.env`)
- The bot only accepts messages from users in `TEAMS_ALLOWED_USERS`; unauthorized messages are silently dropped
- Your public endpoint (`/api/messages`) is authenticated by the Teams Bot Framework — requests without valid JWTs are rejected
## Related Docs
- [Teams Meetings](/docs/user-guide/messaging/teams-meetings)
- [Operate the Teams Meeting Pipeline](/docs/guides/operate-teams-meeting-pipeline)
website/docs/user-guide/windows-native.md
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---
title: "Windows (Native) Guide — Early Beta"
description: "Early BETA: run Hermes Agent natively on Windows 10 / 11 — install, feature matrix, UTF-8 console, Git Bash, gateway as a Scheduled Task, editor handling, PATH, uninstall, and common pitfalls"
sidebar_label: "Windows (Native) — Beta"
sidebar_position: 3
---
# Windows (Native) Guide — Early Beta
:::warning Early BETA
Native Windows support is **early beta**. It installs, runs, and passes our Windows-footgun lint, but it hasn't been road-tested at the scale our Linux/macOS/WSL2 paths have. Expect rough edges — especially around subprocess handling, path quirks, and non-ASCII console output. Please [file issues](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/issues) with repro steps when you hit something. If you want a battle-tested setup today, use the [Linux/macOS installer under WSL2](./windows-wsl-quickstart.md) instead.
:::
Hermes runs natively on Windows 10 and Windows 11 — no WSL, no Cygwin, no Docker. This page is the deep dive: what works natively, what's WSL-only, what the installer actually does, and the Windows-specific knobs you might need to touch.
If you just want to install, the one-liner on the [landing page](/) or [Installation page](../getting-started/installation#windows-native-powershell--early-beta) is all you need. Come back here when something surprises you.
:::tip Want WSL instead?
If you prefer a real POSIX environment (for the dashboard's embedded terminal, `fork` semantics, Linux-style file watchers, etc.), see the **[Windows (WSL2) Guide](./windows-wsl-quickstart.md)**. Both coexist cleanly: native data lives under `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes`, WSL data lives under `~/.hermes`.
:::
## Quick install
Open **PowerShell** (or Windows Terminal) and run:
```powershell
irm https://raw.githubusercontent.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/main/scripts/install.ps1 | iex
```
No admin rights required. The installer goes to `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\` and adds `hermes` to your **User PATH** — open a new terminal after it finishes.
**Installer options** (requires the scriptblock form to pass parameters):
```powershell
& ([scriptblock]::Create((irm https://raw.githubusercontent.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/main/scripts/install.ps1))) -NoVenv -SkipSetup -Branch main
```
| Parameter | Default | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| `-Branch` | `main` | Clone a specific branch (useful for testing PRs) |
| `-NoVenv` | off | Skip venv creation (advanced — you manage Python yourself) |
| `-SkipSetup` | off | Skip the post-install `hermes setup` wizard |
| `-HermesHome` | `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes` | Override data directory |
| `-InstallDir` | `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\hermes-agent` | Override code location |
## What the installer actually does
Top-to-bottom, in order:
1. **Bootstraps `uv`** — Astral's fast Python manager. Installed to `%USERPROFILE%\.local\bin`.
2. **Installs Python 3.11** via `uv`. No existing Python needed.
3. **Installs Node.js 22** (winget if available, else a portable Node tarball unpacked under `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\node`). Used for the browser tool and the WhatsApp bridge.
4. **Installs portable Git** — if `git` is already on PATH the installer uses it; otherwise it downloads a trimmed, self-contained **PortableGit** (~45 MB, from the official `git-for-windows` release) to `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\git`. No admin, no Windows installer registry, no interference with anything else on the box.
5. **Clones the repo** to `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\hermes-agent` and creates a virtualenv inside it.
6. **Tiered `uv pip install`** — tries `.[all]` first, falls back to progressively smaller sets (`[messaging,dashboard,ext]` → `[messaging]` → `.`) if a `git+https` dep flakes on rate-limited GitHub. Prevents "single flake drops you to a bare install" failure mode.
7. **Auto-installs messaging SDKs** keyed off `.env` — if `TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN` / `DISCORD_BOT_TOKEN` / `SLACK_BOT_TOKEN` / `SLACK_APP_TOKEN` / `WHATSAPP_ENABLED` are present, runs `python -m ensurepip --upgrade` and targeted `pip install` calls so each platform's SDK is actually importable.
8. **Sets `HERMES_GIT_BASH_PATH`** to the resolved `bash.exe` so Hermes finds it deterministically in fresh shells.
9. **Adds `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\bin` to User PATH** — exposes the `hermes` command after you open a new terminal.
10. **Runs `hermes setup`** — the normal first-run wizard (model, provider, toolsets). Skip with `-SkipSetup`.
## Feature matrix
Everything except the dashboard's embedded terminal pane runs natively on Windows.
| Feature | Native Windows | WSL2 |
|---|---|---|
| CLI (`hermes chat`, `hermes setup`, `hermes gateway`, …) | ✓ | ✓ |
| Interactive TUI (`hermes --tui`) | ✓ | ✓ |
| Messaging gateway (Telegram, Discord, Slack, WhatsApp, 15+ platforms) | ✓ | ✓ |
| Cron scheduler | ✓ | ✓ |
| Browser tool (Chromium via Node) | ✓ | ✓ |
| MCP servers (stdio and HTTP) | ✓ | ✓ |
| Local Ollama / LM Studio / llama-server | ✓ | ✓ (via WSL networking) |
| Web dashboard (sessions, jobs, metrics, config) | ✓ | ✓ |
| Dashboard `/chat` embedded terminal pane | ✗ (needs POSIX PTY) | ✓ |
| Auto-start at login | ✓ (schtasks) | ✓ (systemd) |
The dashboard's `/chat` tab embeds a real terminal via a POSIX PTY (`ptyprocess`). Native Windows has no equivalent primitive; Python's `pywinpty` / Windows ConPTY would work but is a separate implementation — treat as future work. **The rest of the dashboard works natively** — only that one tab shows a "use WSL2 for this" banner.
## How Hermes runs shell commands on Windows
Hermes's terminal tool runs commands through **Git Bash**, same strategy Claude Code uses. This sidesteps the POSIX-vs-Windows gap without rewriting every tool.
Resolution order for `bash.exe`:
1. `HERMES_GIT_BASH_PATH` environment variable if set.
2. `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\git\usr\bin\bash.exe` (installer-managed PortableGit).
3. `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\git\bin\bash.exe` (older Git-for-Windows layout).
4. System Git-for-Windows install (`%ProgramFiles%\Git\bin\bash.exe`, etc.).
5. MSYS2, Cygwin, or any `bash.exe` on PATH as a last resort.
The installer sets `HERMES_GIT_BASH_PATH` explicitly so fresh PowerShell sessions don't have to re-discover. Override it if you want Hermes to use a specific bash — for example, your system Git Bash or a WSL-hosted bash via a symlink.
**Pitfall:** MinGit's layout is different from the full Git-for-Windows installer — bash lives under `usr\bin\bash.exe`, not `bin\bash.exe`. Hermes checks both. If you're manually unpacking a MinGit zip, make sure you pick the **non-busybox** variant (`MinGit-*-64-bit.zip`, not `MinGit-*-busybox*.zip`) — busybox builds ship `ash` instead of `bash` and most coreutils are missing.
## UTF-8 console on Windows
Python's default stdio on Windows uses the console's active code page (usually cp1252 or cp437). Hermes's banner, slash-command list, tool feed, Rich panels, and skill descriptions all contain Unicode. Without intervention, any of that crashes with `UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode character…`.
The fix is in `hermes_cli/stdio.py::configure_windows_stdio()`, called early in every entry point (`cli.py::main`, `hermes_cli/main.py::main`, `gateway/run.py::main`). It:
1. Flips the console code page to CP_UTF8 (65001) via `kernel32.SetConsoleCP` / `SetConsoleOutputCP`.
2. Reconfigures `sys.stdout` / `sys.stderr` / `sys.stdin` to UTF-8 with `errors='replace'`.
3. Sets `PYTHONIOENCODING=utf-8` and `PYTHONUTF8=1` (via `setdefault`, so explicit user values win) so child Python subprocesses inherit UTF-8.
4. Sets `EDITOR=notepad` if neither `EDITOR` nor `VISUAL` is set (see the Editor section below).
Idempotent. No-op on non-Windows.
**Opt out:** `HERMES_DISABLE_WINDOWS_UTF8=1` in the environment falls back to the legacy cp1252 stdio path. Useful for bisecting an encoding bug; unlikely to be the right setting in normal operation.
## The editor (`Ctrl-X Ctrl-E`, `/edit`)
Pre-#21561, pressing `Ctrl-X Ctrl-E` or typing `/edit` silently did nothing on Windows. prompt_toolkit has a hardcoded POSIX-absolute fallback list (`/usr/bin/nano`, `/usr/bin/pico`, `/usr/bin/vi`, …) that never resolves on Windows — even with full Git for Windows installed.
Hermes's Windows stdio shim now sets `EDITOR=notepad` as a default. Notepad ships with every Windows install and works as a blocking editor — `subprocess.call(["notepad", file])` blocks until the window closes.
**User overrides still win** (they're checked before the setdefault):
| Editor | PowerShell command |
|---|---|
| VS Code | `$env:EDITOR = "code --wait"` |
| Notepad++ | `$env:EDITOR = "'C:\Program Files\Notepad++\notepad++.exe' -multiInst -nosession"` |
| Neovim | `$env:EDITOR = "nvim"` |
| Helix | `$env:EDITOR = "hx"` |
The `--wait` flag on VS Code is critical — without it the editor returns immediately and Hermes gets a blank buffer back.
Set it permanently in your PowerShell profile:
```powershell
# In $PROFILE
$env:EDITOR = "code --wait"
```
Or as a User environment variable in System Settings so every new shell picks it up.
## `Ctrl+Enter` for newline in the CLI
Windows Terminal passes `Ctrl+Enter` through as a dedicated key sequence. Hermes binds it to "insert newline" so you can compose multi-line prompts in the CLI without falling back to `Esc`-then-`Enter`. Works in Windows Terminal, VS Code integrated terminal, and any modern Windows console host that honors VT escape sequences.
On legacy `cmd.exe` consoles `Ctrl+Enter` collapses to plain `Enter` — use `Esc Enter` instead, or upgrade to Windows Terminal (it's free and installed by default on Windows 11).
## Running the gateway at Windows login
`hermes gateway install` on Windows uses **Scheduled Tasks** with a Startup-folder fallback — no admin required.
### Install
```powershell
hermes gateway install
```
What happens under the hood:
1. `schtasks /Create /SC ONLOGON /RL LIMITED /TN HermesGateway` — registers a task that runs at your login with standard (non-elevated) permissions. No UAC prompt.
2. If schtasks is blocked by group policy, falls back to writing a `start /min cmd.exe /d /c <wrapper>` shortcut into `%APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup`. Same effect, slightly cruder.
3. Spawns the gateway **detached via `pythonw.exe`** — not `python.exe`. `pythonw.exe` has no console attached, which immunizes it against `CTRL_C_EVENT` broadcasts from sibling processes (a real issue that used to kill the gateway when you Ctrl+C'd anything in the same process group).
Flags used when spawning: `DETACHED_PROCESS | CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP | CREATE_NO_WINDOW | CREATE_BREAKAWAY_FROM_JOB`.
### Manage
```powershell
hermes gateway status # Merged view: schtasks + Startup folder + running PID
hermes gateway start # Starts the scheduled task now
hermes gateway stop # Graceful SIGTERM equivalent (TerminateProcess via psutil)
hermes gateway restart
hermes gateway uninstall # Removes schtasks entry, Startup shortcut, pid file
```
`hermes gateway status` is idempotent — call it a thousand times in a row and it will never accidentally kill the gateway. (Pre-PR #21561 it silently did, via `os.kill(pid, 0)` colliding with `CTRL_C_EVENT` at the C level — see "process management internals" below if you care about the story.)
### Why not a Windows Service?
Services require admin rights to install and tie the gateway's lifecycle to machine boot, not user login. The typical Hermes user wants: log in → gateway available, log out → gateway gone. Scheduled Tasks do exactly that without elevation. If you genuinely want a service, use `nssm` or `sc create` manually — but you probably don't.
## Data layout
| Path | Contents |
|---|---|
| `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\hermes-agent\` | Git checkout + venv. Safe to `Remove-Item -Recurse` and reinstall. |
| `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\git\` | PortableGit (only if the installer provisioned it). |
| `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\node\` | Portable Node.js (only if the installer provisioned it). |
| `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\bin\` | `hermes.cmd` shim, added to User PATH. |
| `%USERPROFILE%\.hermes\` | Your config, auth, skills, sessions, logs. **Survives reinstalls.** |
The split is deliberate: `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes` is disposable infrastructure (you can blow it away and the one-liner restores it). `%USERPROFILE%\.hermes` is your data — config, memory, skills, session history — and is identical in shape to a Linux install. Mirror it between machines and your Hermes moves with you.
**Override `HERMES_HOME`:** set the environment variable to point at a different data dir. Works the same as on Linux.
## Browser tool
The browser tool uses `agent-browser` (a Node helper) to drive Chromium. On Windows:
- The installer puts `agent-browser` on PATH via npm.
- `shutil.which("agent-browser", path=...)` picks up the `.cmd` shim automatically — `CreateProcessW` can't execute an extensionless shebang, so Hermes always resolves to the `.CMD` wrapper. Don't manually invoke the shebang script; always go through the `.cmd`.
- Playwright Chromium is auto-installed on first run (`npx playwright install chromium`). If installation fails, `hermes doctor` surfaces it with a fix-it hint.
## Running Hermes on Windows — practical notes
### PATH after install
The installer adds `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\bin` to your **User PATH** via `[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable`. Existing terminals don't pick this up — open a new PowerShell window (or Windows Terminal tab) after installation. Close-and-reopen, don't `$env:PATH += …` by hand unless you know what you're doing.
Verify:
```powershell
Get-Command hermes # should print C:\Users\<you>\AppData\Local\hermes\bin\hermes.cmd
hermes --version
```
### Environment variables
Hermes honors both `$env:X` (process-scope) and User environment variables (permanent, set in System Properties → Environment Variables). Setting API keys in `%USERPROFILE%\.hermes\.env` is the normal path — same as Linux:
```
OPENROUTER_API_KEY=sk-or-...
TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN=...
```
Don't put secrets in User environment variables unless you specifically want every Windows process to see them (it isn't what you want).
### Windows-specific env vars
These only affect native Windows installs:
| Variable | Effect |
|---|---|
| `HERMES_GIT_BASH_PATH` | Override bash.exe discovery. Point at any bash — full Git-for-Windows, WSL bash via symlink, MSYS2, Cygwin. The installer sets this automatically. |
| `HERMES_DISABLE_WINDOWS_UTF8` | Set to `1` to disable the UTF-8 stdio shim and fall back to the locale code page. Useful for bisecting an encoding bug. |
| `EDITOR` / `VISUAL` | Your editor for `/edit` and `Ctrl-X Ctrl-E`. Hermes defaults to `notepad` if both are unset. |
## Uninstall
From PowerShell:
```powershell
hermes uninstall
```
That's the clean path — removes the schtasks entry, Startup folder shortcut, `hermes.cmd` shim, deletes `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\hermes-agent\`, and trims the User PATH. It leaves `%USERPROFILE%\.hermes\` alone (your config, auth, skills, sessions, logs) in case you're reinstalling.
To nuke everything:
```powershell
hermes uninstall
Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "$env:USERPROFILE\.hermes"
Remove-Item -Recurse -Force "$env:LOCALAPPDATA\hermes"
```
The `hermes uninstall` CLI subcommand also handles the case where the schtasks entry was registered under a different task name (older installs) — it searches by install path rather than by hardcoded task name.
## Process management internals
This is background material — skip unless you're debugging an "it's killing itself" weirdness.
On Linux and macOS, the POSIX idiom `os.kill(pid, 0)` is a no-op permission check: "is this PID alive and can I signal it?" On Windows, Python's `os.kill` maps `sig=0` to `CTRL_C_EVENT` — they collide at integer value 0 — and routes it through `GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(0, pid)`, which broadcasts Ctrl+C to the **entire console process group** containing the target PID. That's [bpo-14484](https://bugs.python.org/issue14484), open since 2012. It won't be fixed because changing it would break scripts that depend on the current behavior.
Consequence: any codepath that said "check if this PID is alive" via `os.kill(pid, 0)` on Windows was silently killing the target. Hermes migrated every such site (14 across 11 files) to `gateway.status._pid_exists()`, which uses `psutil.pid_exists()` (which in turn uses `OpenProcess + GetExitCodeProcess` on Windows — no signals). If you're writing a plugin or patch, use `psutil.pid_exists()` directly or `gateway.status._pid_exists()` — never `os.kill(pid, 0)`.
`scripts/check-windows-footguns.py` enforces this in CI: any new `os.kill(pid, 0)` call fails the `Windows footguns (blocking)` check unless the line carries a `# windows-footgun: ok — <reason>` marker.
## Common pitfalls
**`hermes: command not found` right after install.**
Open a new PowerShell window. The installer added `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\bin` to User PATH, but existing shells need to be restarted to pick it up. In the meantime you can run `& "$env:LOCALAPPDATA\hermes\bin\hermes.cmd"`.
**`WinError 193: %1 is not a valid Win32 application` when running a tool.**
You hit a shebang-script invocation that bypassed the `.cmd` shim. Hermes resolves commands through `shutil.which(cmd, path=local_bin)` so PATHEXT picks up `.CMD` — if you're invoking the tool via a hardcoded path instead, switch to the `.cmd` variant (e.g., `npx.cmd`, not `npx`).
**`[scriptblock]::Create(...)` fails with `The assignment expression is not valid`.**
Your download of `install.ps1` picked up a UTF-8 BOM. The `irm | iex` form strips BOMs automatically; `[scriptblock]::Create((irm ...))` does not. Re-run with the simple `irm | iex` form, or download the script manually and save it without a BOM via `[IO.File]::WriteAllText($path, $text, (New-Object Text.UTF8Encoding $false))`.
**Gateway won't stay running after restart.**
Check `hermes gateway status` — it merges the schtasks entry, the Startup-folder shortcut (if used), and the live PID. If schtasks is registered but not running, group policy may be blocking `ONLOGON` triggers. Run `schtasks /Query /TN HermesGateway /V /FO LIST` to see the task's failure reason, or fall back to the Startup-folder path by uninstalling and reinstalling with `HERMES_GATEWAY_FORCE_STARTUP=1`.
**`/edit` still does nothing after setting `$env:EDITOR`.**
You set it in the current process only; close and reopen the shell, or set it at User scope in System Properties → Environment Variables. Verify with `echo $env:EDITOR` in a new PowerShell window.
**Browser tool launches but tools time out.**
Chromium is auto-installed on first run. If the install failed (rate-limited GitHub, Playwright CDN hiccup), run `hermes doctor` — it will surface the missing Chromium and print the exact `npx playwright install chromium` command to fix it.
**`agent-browser` fails with a weird Node version error.**
The installer provisions Node 22 at `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes\node` but your PATH may have an older system Node 18 first. Either move Hermes's node dir earlier on PATH, or delete the system install if you don't use Node elsewhere.
**Chinese / Japanese / Arabic characters show as `?` in the CLI.**
The UTF-8 stdio shim didn't activate. Check that `HERMES_DISABLE_WINDOWS_UTF8` is NOT set (`Get-ChildItem env:HERMES_DISABLE_WINDOWS_UTF8`). If it's empty and you still see `?`, the console host (very old `cmd.exe`) may not support UTF-8 at all — switch to Windows Terminal.
**Gateway can't send Telegram photos — "`BadRequest: payload contains invalid characters`".**
This is unrelated to Windows but sometimes surfaces first there. Usually it means your file path contains unescaped backslashes in a JSON body. Telegram should be receiving paths Hermes normalizes, not raw Windows paths — if you're seeing this inside a custom plugin, make sure you're passing the Hermes-provided path, not `str(Path(...))` from user input.
**"Works on my other machine" encoding weirdness after `git pull`.**
If you edited Hermes config or a skill on Windows using a non-UTF-8 editor (Notepad on older Windows versions, some Chinese IMEs), the file may have been saved with a BOM. Hermes tolerates `utf-8-sig` on most config reads, but a BOM inside a folded YAML scalar (`description: >`) silently breaks YAML parsing. Re-save the file as plain UTF-8 without BOM.
## Where to go next
- **[Installation](../getting-started/installation.md)** — the full install page, including Linux/macOS/WSL2/Termux.
- **[Windows (WSL2) Guide](./windows-wsl-quickstart.md)** — if you want POSIX semantics or the dashboard terminal pane.
- **[CLI Reference](../reference/cli-commands.md)** — every `hermes` subcommand.
- **[FAQ](../reference/faq.md)** — common non-Windows-specific questions.
- **[Messaging Gateway](./messaging/index.md)** — running Telegram/Discord/Slack on Windows.
website/docs/user-guide/windows-wsl-quickstart.md
+17 -4
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@@ -7,7 +7,18 @@ sidebar_position: 2
# Windows (WSL2) Guide
Hermes Agent is developed and tested on **Linux** and **macOS**. Native Windows is not supported — on Windows you run Hermes inside **WSL2** (Windows Subsystem for Linux, version 2). That means there are effectively two computers in play: your Windows host, and a Linux VM managed by WSL. Most confusion comes from not being sure which one you're on at any moment.
Hermes Agent now supports **both** native Windows and WSL2. This page covers the WSL2 path; for the native PowerShell install see the dedicated **[Windows (Native) Guide](./windows-native.md)**.
**When to pick WSL2 over native:**
- You want to use the dashboard's embedded terminal (`/chat` tab) — that pane requires a POSIX PTY and is WSL2-only.
- You're doing POSIX-heavy development work and want your Hermes sessions to share the same filesystem / paths as your dev tools.
- You already have a WSL2 environment and don't want to maintain a second install.
**When native is fine (or better):**
- Interactive chat, gateway (Telegram/Discord/etc.), cron scheduler, browser tool, MCP servers, and most Hermes features all run natively on Windows.
- You don't want to think about crossing the WSL↔Windows boundary every time you reference a file or open a URL.
In WSL2 there are effectively two computers in play: your Windows host, and a Linux VM managed by WSL. Most confusion comes from not being sure which one you're on at any moment.
This guide covers the parts of that split that specifically affect Hermes: installing WSL2, getting files back and forth between Windows and Linux, networking in both directions, and the pitfalls people actually hit.
@@ -15,11 +26,13 @@ This guide covers the parts of that split that specifically affect Hermes: insta
A Chinese-language walkthrough of the minimum install path is maintained on this same page — switch via the **language** menu (top right) and select **简体中文**.
:::
## Why WSL2 (and not "just Windows")
## Why WSL2 (vs. native Windows)
Hermes assumes a POSIX environment: `fork`, `/tmp`, UNIX sockets, signal semantics, PTY-backed terminals, shells like `bash`/`zsh`, and tools like `rg`, `git`, `ffmpeg` that behave the way they do on Linux. Rewriting that for native Windows would be a full port — WSL2 gives you a real Linux kernel in a lightweight VM instead, and Hermes inside it is essentially identical to running on Ubuntu.
The native Windows install runs in Windows directly: your Windows terminal (PowerShell, Windows Terminal, etc.), Windows filesystem paths (`C:\Users\…`), and Windows processes. Hermes uses Git Bash to run shell commands, which is how Claude Code and other agents handle Windows today — it sidesteps the POSIX-vs-Windows gap without a full rewrite.
Practical consequences of this choice:
WSL2 runs a real Linux kernel in a lightweight VM, so Hermes inside it is essentially identical to running on Ubuntu. That's valuable when you want a real POSIX environment: `fork`, `/tmp`, UNIX sockets, signal semantics, PTY-backed terminals, shells like `bash`/`zsh`, and tools like `rg`, `git`, `ffmpeg` that behave the way they do on Linux.
Practical consequences of WSL2:
- The Hermes CLI, gateway, sessions, memory, skills, and tool runtimes all live inside the Linux VM.
- Windows programs (browsers, native apps, Chrome with your logged-in profile) live outside it.