fix(docker): optimize image size — .dockerignore, drop dev deps, split build layers (#38749)

* fix(docker): optimize image size with .dockerignore, drop dev deps, split build layers

Three changes to reduce the Docker image size and speed up rebuilds:

1. .dockerignore — exclude ~69 MB of files that are never needed inside
   the container: apps/ (desktop Tauri source), tests/, website/
   (Docusaurus), docs/, infographic/, nix/, plans/, packaging/, and
   various dotfiles (.envrc, .hadolint.yaml, .mailmap, etc.).  The
   existing .dockerignore already covered node_modules and .git; these
   additions prevent the remaining non-runtime content from inflating
   both the build context and the final image (COPY . .).

2. pyproject.toml — add a [docker] extra that mirrors [all] but omits
   [dev] (debugpy, pytest, pytest-asyncio, pytest-timeout, ty, ruff,
   setuptools).  The published image doesn't need test/debug tooling.
   Estimated savings: ~30-50 MB of Python packages.

3. Dockerfile — use --extra docker instead of --extra all in the
   uv sync layer.  Also split the COPY + npm run build so that the
   web/ and ui-tui/ frontend builds are cached independently from
   Python source changes (COPY . .).  A Python-only commit no longer
   invalidates the (slower) frontend build layer.

Note: the build-only apt packages (gcc, python3-dev, libffi-dev,
libolm-dev) are still installed in the final image.  Removing them
requires a true multi-stage build (builder → runtime), which is a
larger refactor tracked separately.

* fix(docker): remove redundant [docker] extra, revert to --extra all

The [docker] extra was identical to [all] on main — the PR had added [dev]
to [all] then created [docker] as [all] minus [dev], a no-op round-trip.
Revert [all] to its original form and drop the [docker] extra.

Keep the .dockerignore additions and frontend build layer reordering.

Dockerfile

@@ -146,9 +146,9 @@ RUN npm install --prefer-offline --no-audit && \
 #
 # `uv sync --frozen --no-install-project --extra all --extra messaging`
 # installs the deps reachable through the composite `[all]` extra
-# (handpicked set intended for the production image), plus gateway
-# messaging adapters that should work in the published image without a
-# first-boot lazy install.  We do NOT use `--all-extras`:
+# (handpicked set intended for the production image — excludes `[dev]`),
+# plus gateway messaging adapters that should work in the published image
+# without a first-boot lazy install.  We do NOT use `--all-extras`:
 # that would pull in `[rl]` (atroposlib + tinker + torch + wandb from
 # git), `[yc-bench]` (another git dep), and `[termux-all]` (Android
 # redundancy), none of which belong in the published container.
@@ -176,14 +176,18 @@ COPY pyproject.toml uv.lock ./
 RUN touch ./README.md
 RUN uv sync --frozen --no-install-project --extra all --extra messaging --extra anthropic --extra bedrock --extra azure-identity --extra hindsight --extra matrix
 
+# ---------- Frontend build (cached independently from Python source) ----------
+# Copy only the frontend source trees first so that Python-only changes don't
+# invalidate the (relatively slow) web + ui-tui build layer.
+COPY web/ web/
+COPY ui-tui/ ui-tui/
+RUN cd web && npm run build && \
+    cd ../ui-tui && npm run build
+
 # ---------- Source code ----------
 # .dockerignore excludes node_modules, so the installs above survive.
 COPY --chown=hermes:hermes . .
 
-# Build browser dashboard and terminal UI assets.
-RUN cd web && npm run build && \
-    cd ../ui-tui && npm run build
-
 # ---------- Permissions ----------
 # Make install dir world-readable so any HERMES_UID can read it at runtime.
 # The venv needs to be traversable too.